Change-speed gearing.



. PATENIED JUNE 2, 1908. J. L. DIDIER.

CHANGE SPEED GEARING.

APPLICATION FILED umze, 1907.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

No. 889,769. PATENTED JUNE 2, 1908. J. L. DIDIER.

CHANGE SPEED GEARING.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 2s. 1907.

M291 66.5 els, Zzy/zqgf 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No. 889,769. PATENTED JUNE 2, 1908. J. L. DIDIER.

CHANGE SPEED GEARING.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. ze

1907. 3 SHEETS-SHEET a.

" tais,

0F sr. cILoUIi, FRANCE CHANGE-snmp GEARING.'

To'all whomit may concern.; f 'Belitgknown that I, JULES LoUIs DIDIER,engineen'citizen of the French Republic, residing at StL-Cloud,Department of Seine, Oise,y France,fhaving post-:office address 26 Parede Moutretout, inthe said city, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Epicyclic vChange-Speed Gearings, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to improvements'in epicyclic change speedvgearing and has for its 'main object to provide means for locking theplanet"pinions when `the mechanism is operated'fin order'to obtain thehigh speed in direct mesh. y

The accom ia'nying drawings show, by way of examp e,'change`spee`dmechanisms, and for/obtaining the high speed the'planet pinions arelocked .b v clasping between two parallel plates the saidfpinions, oneof said plates carryingtheaxles of the said pinions. In the drawings:Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional View of the invention, themechanism 'thereof'being shown in low speed position. Fig. 1a is alongitudinal sectional -view showing the mechanism in high speedlposition. Fig. 2 is a front elevation ol' theinvention. j `Fi 3 is afragmentary view in section ofa modlfiedform of the invention.v Fig. 4is alongitudinal section of 4another form of the Iinvention, whereby"different I'relative slpeeds of rotation `of the two shaftsin oneirecti'on is obtainable or relative forward and reversevmotions oftheitwo shafts may be obtained, according to the `ratios of the gears.

F ig. 5 is an end elevation thereof. Fig. 6 is a reverse end-elevationof a part of themechanism shown inFig; 4. v

In the-mechanism shown `Figs. 1 and-2, the motorshaft 1- carriesfatit'sfextremity and keyed upon it a pinionf2-which meshes with a numberyof planet pinions 3. ,"I`heseplanet pinions, `the width of-thc teeth ofwhich is slightly greater'than thatof'the pinion 2, are mounted looselyupon shafts-ffixedto aplate 5.y This plate 5.is solid with the `shaftvto bedriven,fand it is mounted loosely upon-a prolongatio'n7 ofthemotorl shaft 1. The planet pinions 3 are in mesh withan-mternallytoothed crown 8 whichissolid with a box y9 9 .capable of rotating ,idlyupon the shaft 1 and the shaft 6. .2 Therbox 9 9 carries onitsperi hery`abrakecrowni() andit is terminate by-'a platell-onthe side opposite tothe motor sha-ft.j i-Aspring 16 kismounted between the part 9 and theplate 5 to nory y.Spe eileation of Letters Patent, i ,i happlic'aaonaaaqJan'uary 28,1907. Summen-,527.'

Inally gdraw ythelatter and plate 9 toward eachfv other.v Saidpla'te'5"and 4part 9 have between them the -planet pinions, which latter areprovided Vwithcheeks'12l and 12 bearing respectively upon they cheek ofthe parti) and the plate 5. In the box 9 9 the f caringsurfaceislconstitutedV by a circular crown having its center upon theaxis'of the shaft 1. VThis crown is solid with thev box;

through the centers, ofthe planet pinions and its Aheight is `equal tothe diameter of the cheeksflZ. Upon the plateE 5 vthere are as planetpinions; l A,

The shaft is connected with athe parts of the engine 0r of the motorvehicle that it is'l desired to rotate by means of anyy appropriatecoupling, for exam v le, a cardancouplmgas in'Figs. land' 1, l `inallyanoperatm fork 13 may bear upon the plate lland the rake band 14 may beapplied upon the brake pulley10 *y .1, 'l` he operationis as follows :4*

pressed b v means of the fork 13. f The movement of lthe part 5towardsthe' left hand of the figure is prevented by 'the stop 15. Thebox 9 9 moves'to'wards the left' hand and the planet p inionsarereleased'.v wAt lthe ysame time the brake 'band 14 is tightenedin .sucha manner as to lock the box 9 9. I In these conditions the shaft 1 inrotating kcauses fthe planet,v pinions torotate, -andl'they rollinandthe part 5, and therefore the shaft `6, are.v driven in the same`direction as the shaft 1, but vat a redce'd speed which dependsthefork13 Is abandoned. *Under the influheld between 5 and 9 andy conse(uently can no longer rotate if the strength o the: spring 16 isIsufficient. The entire system then rotates in one piece and conse(uently the shaft 6 rotates at the same spee as the shaftfl.

' planety p`inions,1these latter are stopped by mentof rotation roundthe shaft 4 and around the shaft 1.1 LThis contributes to producing aprogressive` en agement.

3. Disengagement: T ie fork 13 is acted upon in such a ,mannerv as topermit ,off the rotation of the planet pinions, and the brake meneame?,igual;

its mean radius is that ofthefcirclel passing many circularbearingsurfaces as there are 1. Low speed: `The spring-16 is com` upon therelative diameters. of .the pinions.v

2.-? High s )eedv The brake islreleased and ence of the spring' 16theplanet pinionsare,

Atlthe momeutat which theplates holdthe side the crmvn;` consequentlytheshaft 4 w the friction resulting from their'doub e move.-

` mesh with the bi p ate movin the crown 8. e

In the mechanism re resented in Figs. 4, 5, and 6, the motor sha tI.carries at its ex-l tremity a fly-wheel 17 upon whichthereare fixed acertain number o shafts 1'8 (three in the example represented). Uponthese shafts there rotate i the pinions 19 meshingwith a crown 20 solidwith the shaft 6 tobe driven,` which is arraned in alinement'with the moach pinion 19 is solid with tor shaft 1.

inion 21 meshing with a toothed crown" 22 xed upon a sleeve 23 capableof. rotating freely on the shaft 6 to be driven andcarrying a brake drum24. l.A plate 25J is driven by the fly-wheel in its movement of rotationmeans of bolts 26, which allowv of this paratus. T ese bolts 26 arecarried b a art 27 boltedon to the fly-wheel 17. y-wheel constitutes'abox and vcontains the various parts of the clutch and change speedmechan1sm,and the part 27 forms a `cover serving as a dust excludr andpermitting of filling the interior with oil for the lubrication ofthemechanism. A number of sprin s 28 are interposed between the part 27 anthe plate 25 constantly pressing this latter towards the left hand ofFig. 4. In order to bring the plate 'back towards the right hand, levers29 mounted with a ball and socket joint at`30 around shafts 31 fixed tothe part 27, engagewith one of their extremities in a v notch 32 in theplate 25, the other extremit7 bearing against a stop 33l carried by abal bearing 34 capable of sliding paralle l with the axis oftheapparatus under the in u ence (of a fork 35.

The pinions 19 are provided with two lcheeks` 36 and 37 caplable ofcoming into contact respectively wit the circular bearin surfaces 38solid with the flywheel and the bearingsurfaces 39 solid with the plate.These bearing surfaces 38'and 39 are of the same diameter as the cheeks36 and 37, and have likewise for centers the axes of the shafts 18'.

The ap aratus operates in the following manner: or the hlgh speed, underthe infiuence of the sprin 28 the plate 25' is pressed. towards the efthand of Fig. 4 and the assembl e o f pinions 19 and 21 is powerfullyheld etween the plate and tlie iiywheel. In these conditions the pinions19 and 21 are no lon er able to rotate around their shafts 18 andv actin the manner of a dog and drive the crowns 20 and 22. The driven shaftsolid with the crown 20 Ehen be-v freely along the axis ofthe ap-y ginsto rotate in the same direction and at the same speed as the drivinshaft. `When the high speedis thrown in, t e pinions 19 and 21 arerevented from moving upon themselves by the friction of their cheeksupon the bearing surfaces 38 and 39.; this contributes to produce aprogressive engagement.

In order to effect disengagement, the fork 35 is acted uponiriv such amanner as to press back the ball bearing 34 towards the left hand of thefi e( The llevers 29 rock around their soc ets 30 and the plate 25 isseparated from the cheeks 37 At this momentthe planet pinions 19 and 21become free to rotate around the shafts 18. The

crowrf- 20, -Whichis subjected to a resistant couple, tends to remain atrest, while nothing o poses the movements of the crown 22.

he shafts of the planet pinions being driven by the rotation o thefly-wheel, the pinions 19 rollupon the crown 20 while rotating uponthemselves and drivin the pinions 21 which cause the rotation of t ecrown 22 solid with the brake drum. The driven shaft remains at rest.

For the low speed, the apparatus being in its released position, thebrake arranged upon the drum 24 is applied. The crown 22 is locked andthe fly-wheel being driven in the` direction indicated by the arrow 40,the pin-l ions 21 roll upon the crown 22 in turning upon themselves inthe direction indicated by the arrow 41, driving the lpinions 19. Thosepinions meshing with the crown 20 produce the rotation of this latterand consequently the rotation of the drivenshaft. The inions 19 thenvhave a double movement o rotation; in the first place the movementaround the axis of the apparatus, in the direction indicated by thearrow 40,'tends to cause the crown 20 to rotate in the same directionand at the same speed as the driving shaft; secondly the movement aroundthe shafts 18, inthe direction indicated by the arrow 41, tends on theother hand to impart to the crown 20a movement in the op osite directionto the foregoing. Owing to t e rotation of the crown 20 resulting fromthe su' perposition of these two movements, it is obvious that thiscrown, and consequently the driven shaft, will he 4driven'at a lowerspeed than that of the driving shaft, and this driving may be in thesame direction or in theopposite direction according to the ratios ofthe gear wheels. The device is therefore capable of furnishing,according to the ratios of the gear wheels, elther a clutch andreversing mechanism or a clutch and a change speed mechanism.

The princi al advantages of the device are as follows: he inions arealways in mesh, the'device occuples but little s ace and is of small weiht, the lubrication o the mechanism is rea ily effected and the pinionsmay be caused to rotate in an oil bath.

Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my invention and inwhat manner the same maybe performed, I declare that what I claim is:

1. A change speed -gearing comprising driving and driven elements,motion transmitting devices operatively -connected to the respectiveelements, and a pair of relatively movable plates arranged tofrictionally engage the motion transmitting devices between them andform a direct driving connection between said elements.`

2. A change speed gearing comprising driving and-driven shafts,revoluble motion transmitting devices operatively .connected to therespective shafts for effectingrotation of the latter at differentrelative speeds, and a pair of 'plates for non-rotatably holding saidmotion transmitting devicesto form a direct driving connection betweenthe shafts.

3. A change speed gearing comprisingdriving and (Iriven shafts, a pairof `plates arranged axially thereon, a set of planetary motion`transmitting devices journaled on the axles carriedby one of the platesand having an operative connection with the shafts, and means forproximating said plates to non-revolubly hold said motiontransmittingdevices between th'cm and form a direct driving connection between theshafts. i

4. A change speed gearing comprising driving andv driven shafts, a'pairof plates centered axially of the shafts, one of the plates having a setof axles thereon, pinions ]0urnaled on said axles and having anoperative connection with said shafts, and 'means for proximating theplates to frictionally engage the pinions to prevent rotation thereofand form a direct driving connection between i the shafts.

5. A chan re speed gearing comprising driving and c riven shafts, a pairof plates mounted so as to permit relative axial movement, and a setof planetary pinions interposed between the lates and iournaled on oneof thelatter, saidpinions having an operative connection with saidshafts for effecting rotation of the shafts at differentv relativespeeds, and means for roximating the plates to non-rotatably hol theinions and orm a directd'riving connection etween the shafts.

6. A chan e speed gearing comprising driving and riven shafts, a pair ofplates 'driving and mounted s o as to permit relative axial movement, aset of planetary pinions journaled on one of the plates and adapted tohave a driving connection with the shafts, said vpinions having frictioncheeks on opposite ends, and means for proXimating the plates to engagesaid cheeks to prevent rotation of the pinions and forma direct drivingconnection between the shafts.

7. 'A change speed gear com rising driving and driven shafts, a pair ofpates mounted so as to permit relative axial movement, a set ofplanetary pinions journaled on one of the plates and adapted to befrictionally held between the latter, a pinion fixed to one of theshafts and cooperating with the planetary pinions, a gear element 'alsocooperating with the planetary pinions, and a brake for preventingrotation of the said gear element when the planetary pinions-aredisengaged from said plates.

8. A change speed gearingl comprising driven shafts, a pair of platesmounted so as to permit relative axial movement thereon, oneof saidplates being fixed to one of the shafts, a pinion fixed to the othershaft, a set of )lanetary pinions .journaled on the )late xed to theshaft first mentioned and cooperating with said shaft pinion, a gearelement cooperating with the )lanetary pinions, a brake fornon-rotatably holding said gear element, and means for proximating saidplates for non-rotatably iolding the planetary pinions to form a directdriving connection between the shafts.

9'. A change' speed gearing comprising driving and driven shafts, a pairof friction plates centered axially thereof, a set of planetary pinionsjournaled to revolve between said platesandfhaving an operativeconnection with both of the shafts for effecting a differentiall speedof rotation off the latter, a spring for proximatinr said plates tofrictionally engage the ends of said pinions to form a direct drivinconnection between the shafts, and a device for separating said platesto release the pinions and permit rotation thereof.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two-subscribing.,

witnesses.

JULES LOUIS` DIDIER. Witnesses:

EMILE KLoTz, MAA DE RIVAUD.

